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Education and research




Pune has over a hundred educational institutes and more than nine deemed universities apart from the Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU; formerly University of Pune), which is the second largest University in the country (based on total number of colleges),[187] students from all over the world studying at the colleges of the SPPU.

Basic and special education
Public schools (known locally as "municipality schools") are run by the PMC, and are affiliated with the Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education. Private schools are run by educational trusts or individuals. Pune is the largest centre for Japanese learning in India.[188] Other languages taught in the city include German, which is taught at the Goethe-Institut, and French, which is taught at Alliance Française.

University education
Most colleges in Pune are affiliated to SPPU, established in 1948. Seven other universities have also been established in the city.[189]
The College of Engineering Pune, now an autonomous institute of the government of Maharashtra, founded in 1854, is the third oldest engineering college in Asia. The Deccan Education Society was founded by several local citizens in 1884, including social and political activist Bal Gangadhar Tilak,[190] and was responsible for founding Fergusson College in 1885.
Symbiosis International University, which operates 33 colleges and institutions in the city, includes colleges such as Symbiosis Institute of Business Management (SIBM, Pune), Symbiosis Institute of Management Studies (SIMS),








(SCMHRD),Symbiosis Law School (SLS) and Symbiosis Institute of International Business (SIIB) which are ranked among the top management and law institutes in the country,[191][192] and Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research (SICSR) which is one of the few colleges in India that promotes open source technology. Pune is also home to Symbiosis Institute of Technology of the Symbiosis family.[193]
ILS Law College, established by the Indian Law Society, is one of the top ten law schools in India.[194] Established medical schools such as the Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) and Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College train students from all over Maharashtra and India and are among the top medical colleges in India. The AFMC consistently ranks among the top five medical colleges in India.[195] The Film and Television Institute of India, one of only three Indian institutions in the global CILECT film school network, is located on Law College Road.
The Lalit Kala Kendra is an undergraduate department of Music, Dance and Drama on the Savitribai Phule Pune University campus that has been operational since 1987. This department features a combination of Gurukul and formal education systems.[196]

Research Institutes[edit]

Pune is home to some of India's important research institutes. Some of the major research centres are:



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Pune lies on the western margin of the Deccan plateau at an altitude of 560 m (1,840 ft) above sea level . It is on the leeward side of the Sahyadri mountain range, which forms a barrier from the Arabian Sea . It is a hilly city, with its highest hill, Vetal Hill , rising to 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level . Just outside the city, the Sinhagad fort is at an altitude of 1,300 metres (4,300 feet). It lies between 18° 32" North latitude and 73° 51" East longitude. Pune is 1,173 kilometres (729 mi) south of Delhi , 734 kilometres (456 mi) north of Bangalore , and 149 kilometres (93 mi) south-east of Mumbai by road. Central Pune is at the confluence of the Mula and Mutha rivers . The Pavana and Indrayani rivers , tributaries of the Bhima river , traverse the northwestern outskirts of metropolitan Pune. The city's total area is 729 square kilometres (281 square miles). [ citation needed ] Climate Pune has a hot semi-arid climate (...

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Early and medieval The circular Nandi mandapa at the Pataleshwar cave temple, built during the Rashtrakuta dynasty. Copper plates dated 858 and 868 CE show that by the 9th century, an agricultural settlement known as Punnaka existed at the location of the modern Pune. The plates indicate that this region was ruled by the Rashtrakuta dynasty . The Pataleshwar rock-cut temple complex was built during this era. [43] Pune was part of the territory ruled by Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri from the 9th century to 1327. Bhosale Jagir and the Maratha Empire Lal Mahal Pune was part of the Jagir (fiefdom) granted to Maloji Bhosale in 1599 for his services to the Nizamshahi (Ahmadnagar Sultanate) . [44] Pune was ruled by the Ahmadnagar Sultanate until it was annexed by the Mughals in the 17th century. Maloji Bhosale's grandson, Shivaji , the founder of Maratha Empire , was born at Shivneri , a fort not far from Pune. [45] Pune changed hands several times betw...

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