Military establishments

Pune was the largest military camp for the British forces during the Raj era, and the architecture in the cantonment area is reminiscent of that era. The majority of the old cantonment land in the city is now utilized by the Indian Army for housing its garrisons and officers.^[141] The Southern Command, a World War II Indian Army formation, has its headquarters in Pune cantonment. The city is home to Lohegaon Aerodrome (previously RAF Station Pune), the city's airport and Indian Air Force airfield. Due to its strategic location and close proximity to Mumbai, it houses advanced fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force such as the Sukhoi-30MKI multi-role strike fighters
The National Defence Academy (NDA) is an integrated military training centre that provides education up to the graduation level and joint training for cadets of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.^[142] The NDA estate is spread over 8,028 acres (3,249 ha) of land in Khadakwasla and contains apart from NDA facilities, a mini sanctuary and Peacock Bay, a thumb-shaped inlet into the VIP residential area of the Faculty at the Academy, where the NDA sailing/boating facilities are housed. The lake itself is now known as Khadakwasla Lake, which was known as Lake Fife in the British era, and is one of the lakes that provide water to Pune city.
Pune hosts the Military Intelligence Training School and Depot which offers diploma courses in Counter Intelligence, Combat Intelligence, Aerial Imagery and Interpretation, and others.

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Geography

Pune lies on the western margin of the Deccan plateau at an altitude of 560 m (1,840 ft) above sea level . It is on the leeward side of the Sahyadri mountain range, which forms a barrier from the Arabian Sea . It is a hilly city, with its highest hill, Vetal Hill , rising to 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level . Just outside the city, the Sinhagad fort is at an altitude of 1,300 metres (4,300 feet). It lies between 18° 32" North latitude and 73° 51" East longitude. Pune is 1,173 kilometres (729 mi) south of Delhi , 734 kilometres (456 mi) north of Bangalore , and 149 kilometres (93 mi) south-east of Mumbai by road. Central Pune is at the confluence of the Mula and Mutha rivers . The Pavana and Indrayani rivers , tributaries of the Bhima river , traverse the northwestern outskirts of metropolitan Pune. The city's total area is 729 square kilometres (281 square miles). [ citation needed ] Climate Pune has a hot semi-arid climate (...

Demographics

Population [ edit ] [ hide ] Pune population Census Pop. %± 1901 153,320 — 1951 488,419 — 1971 856,105 — 1981 1,203,351 40.6% 1991 1,566,651 30.2% 2001 2,540,069 62.1% 2011 3,124,458 23.0% Source: Census of India The city has a population of 3,124,458 while 5,057,709 people reside in the Pune Urban Agglomeration is as of the 2011 census. [100] The latter was c.4,485,000 in 2005. The migrating population rose from 43,900 in 2001 to 88,200 in 2005. [101] According to the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC), 40 % of the population lived in slums in 2001. [102] The sharp increase in the population during the decade of 1991–2001 can be attributed to the absorption of 38 fringe villages into the city. [103] Since Pune is a major industrial metropolis, it has attracted migrants from all parts of India. The top five areas of migration are Karnataka , Uttar Pradesh , Andhra Pradesh , Gujarat , and Rajastha...

Sports

Popular games and sports in Pune include athletics, cricket , basketball, badminton, field hockey , football, tennis, kabaddi , paragliding , kho-kho , rowing , and chess . The Pune International Marathon is an annual marathon conducted in Pune. The 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games were held in the city at the Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex in Balewadi .The Chhatrapati Shivaji Stadium in the mangalwar peth area of the city is the venue for hosting wrestling and other traditional sports. Cricket Cricket is played between clubs affiliated with the Maharashtra Cricket Association , which maintains a domestic cricket team (the Maharashtra cricket team ). This team, one of three based in the state of Maharashtra , competes in interstate matches and leagues such as the Ranji Trophy . The Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium used to be the venue for National and One Day International matches until 2012. This stadium is named after the first Prime Minister of Independent India, Pandit Jawa...

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