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Performing arts



Both experimental and professional theatre receive extensive patronage from the Marathi community.The Tilak Smarak Ranga Mandir, Bal Gandharva Ranga Mandir, Bharat Natya Mandir, Yashwantrao Chavan Natya Gruha, and Sudarshan Rangmanch are prominent theatres in the city.[210][211][212]
Ganesh Kala Krida Rangamanch is the largest closed theatre in the city, with a seating capacity of 45,000.[213]
The Sawai Gandharva Sangeet Mahotsav, one of the most prominent and sought-after Indian classical music festivals in India, is held in Pune every year in December. It commemorates the life and achievements of Pt. Sawai Gandharva.[214] The concept of Diwāḷī Pahāṭ originated in Pune as a music festival on the morning of the festival of Diwali.


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Geography

Pune lies on the western margin of the Deccan plateau at an altitude of 560 m (1,840 ft) above sea level . It is on the leeward side of the Sahyadri mountain range, which forms a barrier from the Arabian Sea . It is a hilly city, with its highest hill, Vetal Hill , rising to 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level . Just outside the city, the Sinhagad fort is at an altitude of 1,300 metres (4,300 feet). It lies between 18° 32" North latitude and 73° 51" East longitude. Pune is 1,173 kilometres (729 mi) south of Delhi , 734 kilometres (456 mi) north of Bangalore , and 149 kilometres (93 mi) south-east of Mumbai by road. Central Pune is at the confluence of the Mula and Mutha rivers . The Pavana and Indrayani rivers , tributaries of the Bhima river , traverse the northwestern outskirts of metropolitan Pune. The city's total area is 729 square kilometres (281 square miles). [ citation needed ] Climate Pune has a hot semi-arid climate (...
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Demographics

Population [ edit ] [ hide ] Pune population  Census Pop. %± 1901 153,320 — 1951 488,419 — 1971 856,105 — 1981 1,203,351 40.6% 1991 1,566,651 30.2% 2001 2,540,069 62.1% 2011 3,124,458 23.0% Source: Census of India The city has a population of 3,124,458 while 5,057,709 people reside in the Pune Urban Agglomeration is as of the 2011 census. [100] The latter was c.4,485,000 in 2005. The migrating population rose from 43,900 in 2001 to 88,200 in 2005. [101] According to the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC), 40 % of the population lived in slums in 2001. [102] The sharp increase in the population during the decade of 1991–2001 can be attributed to the absorption of 38 fringe villages into the city. [103] Since Pune is a major industrial metropolis, it has attracted migrants from all parts of India. The top five areas of migration are Karnataka , Uttar Pradesh , Andhra Pradesh , Gujarat , and Rajastha...
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History

Early and medieval The circular Nandi mandapa at the Pataleshwar cave temple, built during the Rashtrakuta dynasty. Copper plates dated 858 and 868 CE show that by the 9th century, an agricultural settlement known as Punnaka existed at the location of the modern Pune. The plates indicate that this region was ruled by the Rashtrakuta dynasty . The Pataleshwar rock-cut temple complex was built during this era. [43] Pune was part of the territory ruled by Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri from the 9th century to 1327. Bhosale Jagir and the Maratha Empire Lal Mahal Pune was part of the Jagir (fiefdom) granted to Maloji Bhosale in 1599 for his services to the Nizamshahi (Ahmadnagar Sultanate) . [44] Pune was ruled by the Ahmadnagar Sultanate until it was annexed by the Mughals in the 17th century. Maloji Bhosale's grandson, Shivaji , the founder of Maratha Empire , was born at Shivneri , a fort not far from Pune. [45] Pune changed hands several times betw...
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